Hei pūtake hiko waipēhi māmā, watea hoki, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te papu waipēhi ā-ringa pēhanga tino teitei i roto i ngā mara maha pērā i te umanga hanga kaipuke, ngā mīhini keri waro, te hinu matū, te whakarewa, te hiko me ngā mīhini taumaha. Nā tōna rahi iti, tōna taumaha mama, tōna ngāwari ki te kawe, tōna haumaru kaha me ētahi atu painga e manakohia ana e te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi.
Ko te papu waipēhi ā-ringa pēhanga tino teitei raupapa MP, ko te pēhanga mahi he 100~300MPa; he takirere whakaiti pēhanga kei roto, hei ārai i te taumaha rawa o te pēhanga, kei roto hoki he takirere whakaora haumaru; ko te hoahoa rere tuarua, ko te nekehanga i te pēhanga iti tuatahi he 33CC, ko te nekehanga tuarua i te pēhanga teitei he 1.6CC; i raro i te āhua o te mana pumau, te tuku hinu rere nui pēhanga iti, te tuku hinu rere iti pēhanga teitei, ka penapena wā me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. Ko te rahi katoa he 585*120*170mm, ā, ko te taumaha katoa me te hinu he tata ki te 11Kg. Ko te whakamahinga e whakaatu ana he watea, he ngāwari hoki tēnei papu, he iti te kaha mahi, he pakari, ā, he puna hiko waipēhi pēhanga tino teitei pai rawa atu.
Kaupapa
Ko te mahi a te papu waipēhi ā-ringa he huri i te pūngao miihini o te mīhini hiko (pērā i te mōtini hiko me te miihini mura ā-roto) hei pūngao pēhanga o te wai.
Mātāpono mahi: Ka hurihia te pūwero e te motuka. Ina panaia te pūwero e te pūwero kia neke ake, ka whakaitihia te rōrahi hiri i hangaia e te pūwero me te rango, ā, ka pēhia te hinu mai i te rōrahi hiri ka tukuna ki te wāhi e hiahiatia ana mā te takirere kotahi-ara. Ina huri te pūwero ki te wāhanga heke o te pihi, ka akiakihia te pūwero e te puna ki raro kia hanga he taumata korehau, ā, ka uru te hinu i roto i te tāke ki te rōrahi hiri i raro i te mahi a te pēhanga hau. Ka meinga e te pūwero kia piki, kia heke tonu, kia heke tonu te rōrahi hiri e te pūwero, ka heke, ka piki hoki i ia wā, ā, ka mimiti tonu te papu i te hinu me te tuku.
Kōtaha o nāianei
Ko ngā papu waipēhi ā-ringa kei te mākete i te nuinga o te wā he papu pūwero, he āhua kotahi-wāhanga, he āhua rua-wāhanga. Ko ōna takirere katoa e aro ana ki te papu pūwero, ā, he iti te hanganga; kua wehea te takirere whakamuri me te papu pūwero kia rua ngā wāhanga motuhake, engari ka taea te whakamahi ngātahi. He tino māmā te hanganga o te papu pūwero kotahi-wāhanga, ā, ko tōna kaupapa matua kei te Whakaahua 1; e rua ngā āhua hanganga rerekē o te papu pūwero e rua-wāhanga, ā, ko tōna kaupapa matua kei te Whakaahua 2 me te Whakaahua 3.
Ina hiki ake te kakau 4, ka tomo te hinu waipēhi ki te rūma o raro o te pūwero 3 mā te tātari 1 me te takirere kotahi-ara 2, ā, ka mimiti te papu waipēhi i te hinu; ina neke te kakau 4 ki raro, ka tukuna te hinu e te pūwero 3 ki te pūnaha. He takirere haumaru te takirere 5, ā, he takirere tango waipēhi te takirere 6. He puna hinu pēhanga ā-wā te papu kotahi-wāhanga, ā, kāore e taea te whakarite i te nekehanga. Ka taea anake te rere nui pēhanga-iti, te rere iti pēhanga-tiketike rānei; ko te tikanga he papu pēhanga-iti me te pēhanga-waenga.
He kupu whakataki ki te kaupapa o te papu pūwero e rua-wāhanga
Ko te Pikitia 2 he hoahoa kauwhata o tētahi papu ringa momo-I e rua-wāhanga. Hiki ake te kakau 5, ā, ka tomo te hinu waipēhi ki ngā kōhao nui me ngā kōhao iti o te pūwero mā roto i te tātari 1, ngā takirere tirotiro 2 me te 3. Ina pēhia te kakau 5, e rua ngā āhuatanga: ina iti te pēhanga o te pūnaha, ka whakatuwheratia ngā takirere tirotiro 4, 7, me te 8, ā, ka tukuna te hinu e ngā papu takirua ki te pūnaha i te wā kotahi, ā, ko te tere rere te mea nui rawa atu; ina teitei te pēhanga o te pūnaha, ka whakatuwheratia te takirere raupapa 9 (kua whakatakotoria te takirere raupapa. Ko te pēhanga pumau ko te 1 MPa te tikanga), ka kati te takirere tirotiro 8, ka whakahokia tika te hinu pēhanga iti o te papu nui ki te tāke hinu, ā, ko te papu iti anake ka tukuna te hinu ki te pūnaha me te rere iti. Ko te takirere 10 he takirere pēhanga pumau, ā, ko te takirere 11 he takirere tango. Ko te papu ringa momo-I e rua-wāhanga ka whakarato i te pēhanga iti, te rere nui, te pēhanga teitei, te rere iti, me te tuku hinu wā poto.
Ko te Pikitia 3 he hoahoa kauwhata o tētahi papu ā-ringa momo-rua-wāhanga II, ko te takirere 11 he takirere pēhanga pumau, ā, ko te takirere 12 he takirere tango. I te rohe pēhanga iti, ina neke te kakau 1 ki runga, ka tukuna te hinu ki ngā rūma hinu o raro o ngā papu 2 me te 3, ā, ka tukuna te hinu ki te rūma o runga o te papu 2. Ina neke te kakau 1 ki raro, ka tomo te kōhao o runga o te papu 2 ki te hinu, ā, ko ngā kōhao o raro o ngā papu 2 me te 3 ka tuku hinu ki te pūnaha; i te rohe pēhanga iti, ka taea e te papu te tuku hinu tonu ki te pūnaha. Ina tomo ki te rohe pēhanga teitei, ka piki te pēhanga o te pūnaha, ā, ka mahi te takirere whakamuri whakahaere waipēhi 10 i te tūranga tika, kia tangohia ai te hiko hinu e titoa ana e te papu 2 me ngā takirere tirotiro 4, 5, 6, me te 7, ā, kia tangohia ai te papu 3 me ngā takirere tirotiro 8 me te 9. Ka tukuna te hinu e te hiko hinu titoa ki te pūnaha. Ki te whakataurite ki te momo I e rua ngā wāhanga, ka taea e te papu ā-ringa momo II e rua ngā wāhanga te whakatutuki i te tuku hinu tonu, te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te penapena wā, engari he tuku hinu pēhanga iti, rere nui, pēhanga teitei, rere iti anō hoki.
Whakatika
1. Kimihia te pūtake o te rahunga mai i ngā āhuatanga e toru e whai ake nei i te wā tiaki, ā, whakapai ake i te pūnaha:
1. Tirohia te turuturu o roto o te puoto pū:
Ko te huarahi māmā ki te mahi i tēnei ko te whakaara ake i te pūma me te tirotiro mēnā he maturuturunga noa e kitea ana. Mēnā ka kitea te maturuturunga, wetekina te rango hinu hei tirotiro. Mēnā kua kitea kua pakaru te mowhiti hiri, me whakakapi.
2. Tirohia te takirere whakahaere:
Horoia te takirere haumaru tuatahi, tirohia mēnā kua pakaru te matua o te takirere, mēnā kua pakaru, me whakakapi. Ki te kore tonu he panoni i muri i te tāutanga o te takirere haumaru, tirohia anō te pakaru o te poro o te takirere whakahaere.
3. Inehia te pēhanga o te papu waipēhi:
Ki te iti te pēhanga, whakatikatikaina, ā, kāore tonu e taea te whakatika i te pēhanga ki runga, he tohu tēnei kua kino rawa te pakaru o te papu waipēhi.
2. Ko ngā take matua mō te kore e taea te hiki i te pūma me te kawenga ko:
1. Kua tino pakaru te papu waipēhi. Ina tere te rere, he nui te turuturu o roto o te papu; ina tere te rere, ka paku piki te pēhanga o te papu, engari nā te pakaru me te turuturu o roto o te papu, ka tino heke te pai o te rōrahi, ā, he uaua ki te eke ki te pēhanga kua whakaritea. Ka nui ake te pakaru o te papu waipēhi ina roa te mahi, ka piki ake te pāmahana hinu, ka pakaru ngā wāhanga waipēhi, ka tawhito, ka pakaru hoki ngā hiri, ka ngaro te kaha hiri, ka heke te hinu waipēhi, ā, i te mutunga ka pakaru.
2. Kāore i te tika te whiriwhiri i ngā wāhanga waipēhi. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga o te rango pūma he raupapa kore-paerewa 70/40, ā, he wāhanga kore-paerewa anō hoki ngā hiri, nō reira he nui te utu hanga, ā, he uaua te whakakapi i ngā hiri. Ko te iti o te diameter o te rango pūma ka piki ake te pēhanga kua whakaritea o te pūnaha.
3. Kāore i te tika te hoahoa o te pūnaha waipēhi. Ka kitea i te Pikitia 2 ko te takirere whakahaere me te taputapu urungi waipēhi katoa e honoa ana i roto i te raupapa me te papu kotahi, ko te pēhanga kua whakaritea o te takirere haumaru he 16MPa, ā, ko te pēhanga mahi kua whakatauria o te papu waipēhi he 16MPa hoki. He maha ngā wā ka mahi ngā papu waipēhi i raro i te kawenga katoa, i ngā āhuatanga taumaha roa rānei (pēhanga teitei), ā, he ru waipēhi kei roto i te pūnaha. Ki te kore te hinu e whakawhitia mō te wā roa, ka poke te hinu waipēhi, ka nui ake te pakaru me te haehae o te papu waipēhi, ā, ka pakaru te anga papu o te papu waipēhi. (pērā i te pakaru).
Whakapai ake i te Hua
1. Whakapai ake i te hoahoa o te pūnaha waipēhi.
Whai muri i ngā whakaaturanga maha, kua whakaaetia te takirere matua matatau me te taputapu urungi waipēhi katoa e kite ana i te kawenga. Ka taea e te pūnaha hou te whakarite i te rere ki roto i te pūnaha kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga urungi. Ahakoa te rahi o te kawenga, te tere rānei o te wira urungi, ka taea e ia te whakarite kia rawaka te hinu, ā, ka taea te whakamana i te toenga o te wāhanga. Ka taea te tuku katoa ki te ara iahiko taputapu mahi, ā, ka whakakorea te ngaronga hiko i puta mai i te nui o te hinu i roto i te ara iahiko urungi, ka whakapai ake i te pai o te pūnaha me te whakaiti i te pēhanga mahi o te papu waipēhi.
2. Whakapai ake i te hoahoa o te rango pūma me te papu waipēhi hei whakaiti i te pēhanga mahi o te pūnaha.
Mā te tātaitanga kua arotauhia, ka whakamahia e te rango pūma te raupapa paerewa 80/4. Ka whakanuia te nekehanga o te papu waipēhi mai i te 10ml/r ki te 14ml/r, ā, ko te pēhanga kua whakaritea o te pūnaha he 14MPa, e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga kaha hiki me te tere o te rango pūma.
3. Kia tupato ki te whakamahinga tika me te tiaki i te utaina i te wā e whakamahia ana, tāpirihia, whakakapia rānei te hinu waipēhi i ia wā, kia mau tonu te ma o te hinu waipēhi, me te whakapakari i te tirotiro me te tiaki i ia rā.
Te whānuitanga o te tono
Kei ngā papa hangahanga o te whenua ngā mahi hiko, te rerewē, te whakaora, te hanga me ētahi atu ahumahi, hei whakarato hiko mō ngā taputapu hanga pēnei i te tapahi, te kūmau waipēhi, te mīhini wero, me ētahi atu.
Te whakamātautau pūmau me te whakamātautau pahū mō ngā hononga, ngā ngongo, ngā takirere, ngā oko pēhanga, ngā rango, me ētahi atu.
Te whakatikatika i te takirere haumaru whakamātautau pūmau me te hihiri i muri i te whakatikatika i ngā taputapu rererangi
Te whakamātautau pupuhi i roto i te wai mō ngā takirere me ngā taputapu pane puna
Tirotiro i te kaiwhakahaere pēhanga hau
Te whakamātautau i te pūnaha parai waka
Ngā taputapu pupuhi taura whakawhitiwhiti kōrero
Utu
E rua ngā momo, ko te mea nō roto, ko te mea nō tāwāhi. Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu whenua, he iti te utu mō tēnei hua i Haina.
Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-15-2022